Saturday, January 18, 2020
Developing poise is a question of developing confidence in ones personality Essay
Developing poise is a question of developing confidence in oneââ¬â¢s personality. Look at all the people who lack this confidence. The noisy are unsure of themselves and trying to attract attention. The awkward are over-anxious, worrying about the impression they are making. The clumsy are self-conscious, scared of disapproval. Some people lack poise because it requires ability to wait for people and things to come to you, rather than straining after them. This action demands a degree of self-confidence which they have not managed to acquire. The first essential to poise is a sense of well-being. It is difficult to be poised if you are suffering from poor health; so many things are apt to upset you. One should try to be as fit as possible by living and eating wisely, having sufficient rest, and by getting proper treatment when something is wrong. A second necessary part of the sense of well-being is scrupulous cleanliness and freshness with regard to oneself and oneââ¬â¢s person. Allied to this is appearance. You must look and feel that you look your best. It is not necessary to spend a lot of money on clothes, but it is vital that you should think you look smart, and that your clothes should be so comfortable that you can forget about them. Now behavior comes in, including the way we walk and carry ourselves, sit down, stand up, and move around. The body should be upright and well-balanced, head up, shoulders back, tail tucked in. We should aim to look alert and interested, to walk easily from the hips, neither mincing along in short tight little steps nor striding. We should study the way we sit down and rise to our feet. We should place a chair in front of a long mirror and see how well- or how badly- we do it, asking a sympathetic friend or a family member to criticize. It is mostly a matter of how we carry ourselves. We should watch the way we open and close doors and cupboards. We should learn to sit well back on a chair instead of perching on its edge. By far the most important part of good manners is consideration for others- putting people at their ease, making them welcome, seeing that they are comfortable and have what they need, stepping into the background to give them a chance to shine. We should always practice unfailing courtesy. There is also a matter of the way we talk. A pleasant speaking voice gives its owner tremendous self-confidence. Every now and then, as a check, we should listen to ourselves talking. Nervousness may be making us gabble, or on the other hand, slowing us down until we seem pompous. Or we may be pitching our voices too high or too low. Because poise is primarily a question of self-confidence, we must have a sense of personal worth- the feeling that we are wanted and have something to give the world. A feeling that we are unwanted and that the world would be better off without us gives rise to a reaction to avoid people or to become aggressive towards them. Financial insecurity, job worries, dull routine work that seems important, work that others take for granted, or anything that encourages us to believe that we are of no account destroys our sense of personal worth and with it our self-confidence. It is hard to feel at ease with people when we are resenting being ââ¬Å"madeâ⬠to feel ââ¬Å"inferior.â⬠There is also an unpleasant sensation of being ââ¬Å"out of thingsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"not belongingâ⬠which, in our minds at least, sets us apart from other people and causes us to be anxious about the impression we are making. Students and adolescents generally are difficult to ââ¬Å"reachâ⬠and to ââ¬Å"get at,â⬠as we say, because they are so uncertain of themselves and their future. They are gauche and touchy because they feel insecure. To develop poise we have to find value in ourselves and meaning to life. In plain words, we have to do a job that strikes us as being worthwhile and useful, and acquire the skill which this implies. To achieve real poise, one must be careful about people. They are remarkable for their unpredictability, which means in terms of practical living that it is unwise to depend on them too much. Like us, they are swayed by their moods and feelings. If we often surprise and horrify ourselves, why should we be hurt or angry when others react in ways equally surprising? We have to learn to be self-sufficient in the sense of being able to stand aloof, relying on ourselves when necessary for our happiness. This is not difficult if we have a sense of personal worth and satisfying interests. We should avoid becoming emotionally involved in other peopleââ¬â¢s quarrels, prejudices, dislikes, and arguments. If we are forced to take part, we may try to be a calming influence.
Friday, January 10, 2020
Is poverty the main factor affect crime
In the essay I'm going to talk about criminology and criminology is the scientific study of crime and criminals. Is one social group Involved In crime more than other social groups? Crime Is an unlawful act punishable by the state, harmful act or Arnold's against the public which the state wishes to prevent and which, upon conviction Is punishable by fine, imprisonment and in some countries death.No conduct constitutes a crime unless it is declared criminal in the laws of the country and poverty is the state of being extremely poor and being without things, having little none, not many material possessions and the need of essential goods. Being poor means people have nothing and struggle to survive every day. Some sociologist have suggest that being tortured with poverty after a while leads to evil thoughts and the struggle of being in the poverty cycle committing crimes gradually becomes a new way of them wanting to break out of the poverty cycle some say there a high correlation of poverty with crime .According to mainstream media under/working class citizens are more exposed towards crime, many theories of crime are based on national statistics with are taking out every year. According to official data the working class group are more likely to commit crimes then the middle class, sociologist have taken these figures and came up with theories on the case.Sociologist are beginning to seriously question if poverty is the main factor by using correctional data , this essay is going to argue about the factors affecting crime, if it's based on social statues or if more factors are involved. I will begin by stating that there actually is change in crime but also the people committing the crimes, although I'm talking about crime and the influences I'm still going to bring in other factor that ay have had an influence on the individuals committing the crimes . Or example psychical factor such as the biological explanations, sociological explanations and social biolo gical; I'm also going to be talking about the modern crime theories, sociology theories of crime, subcultures explanation of crime, biology theories and crime, genetics and criminal behavior ,psychological theories of crime and personality and crime expansions are psychology factors I'm going to people talking about and I'm going to talk about sociologist theories such as other crimes such as fraud, crime of passion , serial murder etc.Bear absolutely no link to poverty this suggest they may be an inverse link, since poor people are not in a position to carry out a crime like fraud or insider trading. No matter how much norms and values an individual has if poverty threatens his or her life then there likely to indulge into such criminal acts and could try to attack the prevailing social structure. Mom timer honest people who hate corruption from the depth of their soul fails to keep their mental balance and due to pressure of poverty they indulge Into crimes just to maintain their existence , the mainstream media only looks at the crime committed Instead of ending the real cause that lead the committee to such and act.Psychology AS for AKA [Crawled Clark Mildred] Fourth Edition psychopathology (Abnormality) section I used Psychology AS for AKA to do research on Freud this was a really good start for me, it clearly showed the psychology behind and crime and how I could structure is in my essay. But in reality I had to do more research of psychology behind crime on the internet because the book wasn't able to give out clear criticism of Freud theory and the criticism were needed in order for me to have a balanced argument.Overall the psychology be was very useful in giving me point hat I can adapted on and structure it into the essay but even though the little bit of information they had was helpful I personally believe it wasn't enough to help Sociology AY for AKA [Stephen moored Steve Chapman Dave Keen] Third edition crime and deviance section I used sociolog y AY for AKA to do research on criminology, I personally believe out of the entire book I went though it had the most information for me, it was useful and very resourceful.But the only problem I had with the book is that it had a lack of criticism for my essay and I needed it to keep my argument balanced. Overall, the sociology book was the most useful out of everything in my research but even though it was useful it still pushed me to for further research. John William] the seductions of crime' In this newspaper article John William tried to explain why crime exist with sociological evidence supporting what he has written, this was useful because [Tracy childish and Robert McDonald] ââ¬ËUnderstanding youth subcultures' Discussion MARXISM AND CRIME Marxist theory in general is that they believe that capitalism can only thrive though the explorations of the working class, Marxist believes that they're a clear link teen human nature and the way we operate in a capitalist society.M arxist believes that capitalism is not only an economic system but is also a political system, in all aspects of society ; this provides the bourgeoisie with a supple mass of workers who do not mind working for external rewards of a constant wage. Some people say that the main factor that links in with crime is poverty and strong example of people who think this is Marxist. Marxist see crime as not coming from moral or biological defects but defects with social order (social control), Marxist say that crime happens because of social class differences . Irking class crimes are a lot more common if you don't conform to the unjust system then you will be punished, for example intuitions such as the polices and the Justice system encourage individuals to conform. Marxist argues that white collar crimes with tend to be committed but middle class are ignored , while blue collar crime which are crime committed by working and underclass such are robbery are more focused on in the media. Mar xist say this is a superstructure because it maintains and reflects ruling class ideology. The state (people in politics) who are part of the middle class pass laws which is inefficiency towards them .Laws are made by the state which represent interest of the state which has positive impact on ruling class and negative on working. Marxist would also argue that crime is an inevitable part of capitalism as it stem from social inequalities because working class crime is caused by labor exploitation and lack or materials. Traditional Marxist believes that majority of the population are exploited by the ruling class (the bourgeoisie), exploitation provides the key to explaining why less privilege people commit crimes. They focus on the unequal conflict between the woo classes of society.Marxist believe it's by nature it inevitably causes crime, this is called carcinogenic ; Marxist see crime in the capitalist system as a tool of the ruling class where they can control the working class a nd crime Marxist say crime is unavoidable because of the result of the oppression the working class are in by the state. An example of were the state oppresses the working/underclass is that 80% of laws that exist is to protect private property, this suggest that the state are more concerned about martial and possession then they do about they're society and the peoples well-being.Neo Marxist are another branch of Marxism also known as radical criminology; they discuss more contemporary ideas of crime. They believe that the Marxist theory is too simplistic they are wider factors that lead to recidivism. Traditional Marxist view crime in 3 key aspects; Carcinogenic capitalism ââ¬â idea that crime is inevitable because of the nature of capitalism is Marxist idea that crime and their ideas e. G. Such as saying crime is a result out of political anger.Carcinogenic capitalism is the Marxist idea that crime is inevitable because of the nature of fatalism. ; The state and law making- l aw enforces widely supports the ruling class over the working class because the law making widely supports the ruling class over the working class, Marxist claim that laws enforced are very selective and repressive e. G. The police largely ignores crimes of the powerful in society and instead focus on; Ideological functions of crime and law-Marxist claim sometimes laws are passed that- on surface to benefit the working class.According to the Marxist theory of crime it highly suggests that they do believe that poverty is the main factor when talking bout crime. However, one criticism of Marxist theory towards crime is white collar crimes. White-collar crime refers to financially motivated nonviolent crime committed sociologist Edwin Sutherland in 1939 as ââ¬Å"a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation. â⬠An example of a white collar crime is false advertising, anti-trust violations, environmental pollution or dumping product on the market below cost.This goes against Marxist theory because they believe that crime is only done by the working class because of the huge divide teen the upper and the working class but Marxist theory doesn't explain why middle class people are committing crimes. White collar crime carried in a business or fraud. Because most of the time it is done on a smaller scale, it is harder to detect when the crime is being committed. However, when it is caught out, a lot of the time the criminal isn't punished as harshly.Reasons for this could be that the crime isn't as serious as violent crimes or to save the reputation of the company that the person has been stealing from whilst working there. However, in larger scale situations, the crime is more than likely to be reported. One the other hand, another criticism to Marxist is Cambridge University study and they came to the conclusion that Poverty is not an excuse for crime as morality is the biggest factors commit crime beca use they lack morals and not Just because of the environment they live in, according to a new study.Cambridge University studied around 700 young people in Petrography for over a decade and discovered that most adolescent crime is not Just because of poverty. In fact, while it is agreed that urban environments trigger some young people to commit crime, it is their morality which is the biggest factor. Other managers that were experiencing similar situations as the young criminals remain highly resistant to committing crime because they were raised with morality.Functionalist perspective on crime Functionalist main theory is that believe social order benefits everyone, crime is bad as the weak suffer, social progress would be limited by disorder and all would suffer, thus crime must be limited, some crime can be positive. They believe some crime can be positive because can act a warning device, can help society progress, provides employment, acts as a safety valve, helps social cohes ion, reinforces the boundaries f society.Druthers believed in consensus and the need for social order, basis of society was a set of shared values which guide our actions called the collective conscience, tells us what is acceptable and what is not, re-affirming boundaries, and anomie. Functionalist believe that crime is inevitable in society, this means that it's almost impossible for crime not to exist because not everyone will buy into the collective sentiments of society and some few may deviate from these social norms and beliefs Druthers argued that crime is an inevitable and normal aspect of social life.Crime is present in all types of society; indeed, the crime rate is higher in the more advanced, industrialized countries. According to Druthers, crime is an ââ¬Ëintegral part of all healthy societies'. It's inevitable because not every member of society can be equally committed to the collective sentiments (the shared values and moral beliefs) of society since individuals are exposed to different influences and circumstances, it is ââ¬Ëimpossible for all to be alike' . Functionalist believes that certain amount of crime and deviance as normal and an integral part of all healthy societies.This is because it acts as a ââ¬Ësafety valve', providing a relatively harmless way for someone to express their discontent. For example, Cohen said that ââ¬Å"prostitution family', this is because he believed this crime of prostitution could relieve the stress in a discrete way without damaging the rest of the clients life. Clarinda said crime also served the function of acting as a warning device. This is because the crime indicates that there is an aspect of society that is malfunctioning. So the crime draws attention to the problem within society, which can then be fixed.Druthers said that crime in society isn't genetically produced, but is natural in society. However, he did say that too much crime was dangerous in a society, and this is an idea Morton de veloped. To conclude Functionalist believe that crime is inevitable which means that anyone can commit it, this is because not everyone will buy into the collective sentiments of society and some may deviate from these norms and beliefs. However, Druthers doesn't explain why certain people are more likely to commit crimes than others.He appears not concerned with this problem ââ¬â he was most interested in the nature of the relationship between crime and order in society. If questioned on individual motivations of criminals, he would probably have invoked their lack of solicitation. Also, he stresses harmony of society and the belief that the law reflects the interests and views of the majority of the population, but he seems to ignore the concept of power ââ¬â it is generally accepted that in all societies some groups have greater ability than the bulk of the population to influence the law making process.Marxist, for example, argue that the powerful in society control the law making system along with everything else and thus are able to pass laws which eight appear to be fair but which actually work to help preserve their position of power. Thus, the criminal system may not be as harmonious as Functionalists believe; indeed, Functionalists are often criticized for looking at life through rose tinted glasses which means they see everything as it was positive but they don't look at the true picture.Biological theory of crime Another factor they may have a link to crime is the biological theories of crime. Biological Theory is a peer-reviewed scientific Journal covering the fields of evolution and cognition. Biological theories are based on the nature versus nurture debate. Are we born criminals or do we learn crime, biological theories also see crime as a form of illness caused by pathological; factors specific to certain classes of individuals which is bad behavior vs.. Sick behavior. ââ¬ËDoes the way you look say that you are a criminal?Limbos (18 76) introduced the first theory. We can assume that some people are ââ¬Å"born criminalsâ⬠Punishment is inapplicable. Limbos (1876) believed that you have an innate predisposition towards criminal behavior, In other words crime is something you are born to do. We frequently make inferences about another arson's character based on his/her appearance Ancient Greeks and Romans believed in ââ¬Å"physiognomy' (physical features can reveal a person's natural disposition) for example ââ¬Å"Do not trust beardless men and bearded womenâ⬠.Cesar Limbos was an Italian criminologist who in 1876 promoted the theory of ââ¬Ëanthropological determinism' that essentially stated that criminality was inherited and that someone ââ¬Å"born criminalâ⬠ââ¬Ë could be identified by physical defects, which confirmed a criminal as savage. Limbos believed that by studying someone's physical features, you could identify a potential criminal. Lumbago's criteria for this cheekbones, flatte ned or upturned nose; handle-shaped ears; large chins, very prominent in appearance; hawk-like noses or fleshy lips; hard shifty eyes, scanty beard or baldness and insensitivity to pain.Limbos finally concluded that a criminal would have long arms. Lumbago's studies of female criminality began with measurements of females' skulls and photographs in his search for ââ¬Å"atavismâ⬠. He concluded that female criminals were rare and showed few signs of ââ¬Å"degenerationâ⬠because they had ââ¬Å"evolved less than men due to the inactive nature of their livesâ⬠. Limbos argued it was the females' natural passivity that withheld them from breaking the law, as they lacked the intelligence and initiative to become criminal.Limbos had also stated that these criminals behaved in a different way to everyone else. These different behaviors are as follows an inability to adjust to social and moral issues an inability to differentiate between right and wrong, a low inability to sh ow any kind of guilt or remorse, an inability to show any kind of feelings toward, and an inability to form any kind of relationship. However, Biological theory as much criticism but in the following paragraph I'm only going to speak on 3 of them.The first criticism is Goring (1913) in his experiment he criticized Limbos on the issue of born criminal and found that such thesis is inaccurate as well as dangerous, he tested a group of criminals and non-criminals to see if they showed any differences in behavior and he found that no significant difference between them, he then concluded that no one is criminal until he or she commits a crime.Another criticism of the biological theory is environmental factors, this is because hey may have had a poor family history in which they were deprived of their mother at a young age (hence maternal deprivation) or they lived in poverty for many years and had trouble coping with bills or buying food to eat. They may have been subjected to crime at a young age because they may have had a parent who took drugs or smoked and if there was no money to buy the drugs then they would be made to steal in order to get the money.However, the next criticism of the biological approach is stereotyping and encouraging stereotyping would then encourage prejudice and discrimination. For example if children are shown a picture of a man with upturned nose; handle-shaped ears or large chins , they will indicate a negative attribution towards the picture rather than to a picture of a man without upturned nose; handle-shaped ears; large chins (these features on a man are known to be a good indicator of being a criminal).Yet, the only problem with stereotyping is that there is no strong evidence to prove it and that the research methods used were defective. It has also been criticized on methodological grounds because a proper control group hasn't been used so it can't be reliable. Psychological explanations of criminal behavior Psychological theor y which has first developed by Freud this states that all humans have natural drives and urges that is repressed in the unconscious. Additionally, all humans have criminal tendencies. These tendencies are curbed, however, through the process of Colonization.A child that is improperly socialized, then, could develop a personality disturbance that causes him or her to direct antisocial impulses either inward or outward. Those who direct them inward become neurotic while those that direct them outward become criminal. Freud had his own views on what makes a as a result of an overdeveloped superego. People with overdeveloped superegos feel guilty for no reason and wish to be punished in order to relieve this guilt they are feeling and committing crimes is a method of obtaining such desired punishment and relieving guilt.In effect, a person commits the crime so that they can get punished and thus relieve guilt ââ¬â the guilt comes before the crime. According to this view, crime is a result of a poorly integrated psyche. Freud also identified the ââ¬Å"pleasure principleâ⬠; that humans have basic unconscious biological urges and a sire for immediate gratification and satisfaction. This includes desires for food, sex, and survival. Freud believed that if these could not be acquired legally, people would instinctively try to do so illegally.Freud also believed that people have the ability to learn in early childhood what is right and what is wrong and though we may have an instinctive nature to acquire what we desire, such nature can be controlled by what is learned in our early years. He believed that people primarily get moral principles as a young child from their parents and that if these were missing because of poor renting, that child would grow up into being less able to control natural urges to acquire whatever is needed. However, the greatest criticism of the psychodrama approach is that it is unscientific in its analysis of human behavior.Many of t he concepts central to Fraud's theories are subjective and as much impossible to scientifically test. For example, how is it possible to scientifically study concepts like the unconscious mind? In this respect the psychodrama perspective is unfeasible as the theories cannot be empirically investigated. However, Kline (1989) argues that the psychodrama approach comprises a series of hypotheses, some of which are more easily tested than others, and some with more supporting evidence than others.Also, whilst the theories of the psychodrama approach may not be easily tested, this does not mean that it does not have strong explanatory power. Nevertheless, most of the evidence for psychodrama theories is taken from Fraud's case studies e. G. Little Hans. The main problem here is that the case studies are based on studying one person in detail, and with reference to Freud the individuals in question are most often middle aged women from Vienna I. . His patients. This makes generalizations to the wider population (e. G. The whole world) difficult.Another problem with the case study method is that it is susceptible to researcher bias. Re-examination of Fraud's own clinical work suggests that he sometimes distorted his patients' case histories to ââ¬Ëfit' with his theory Galloway, 1991. The humanistic approach makes the criticism that the psychodrama perspective is too deterministic ââ¬â leaving little room for the idea of personal agency I. E. Free will. Finally, the psychodrama approach can be criticized for being sexist against women. For example, Freud believed that females' penis new made them inferior to males.He also thought that females tended to develop weaker super ego and to be more probe to anxiety than males. Also the theory such as id ego and superego are difficult to define and research. Sub cultural Explanations of crime Subcultures theories are theories which examine the behavior and actions of various groups within society these groups which rej ect or depart from the subcultures, and subcultures theories attempt to explain why these groups most are concerned with youth gangs' and gang delinquency engaged in criminal acts . N 955 Albert Cohen came up with status frustration ,this is seen as a functional perspective of subcultures behavior (it improves their status) many working class youths who cannot gain status legitimately, become frustrated and therefore try to gain status through illegitimate means then they create their own subculture and reject the norms and values of mainstream society. Cohen have noted that Delinquency was lower in areas of high economic status while it was seen to be high in areas of low economic status linking back to Marxist theory that people of a lower class background are more likely to commit crime.Their studies also found that these findings remained constant over time, They therefore came to the conclusion that ââ¬Å"delinquency-producing factors are inherent in the Community and is cultu rally transmitted. Another explanations for subcultures and crime is Miller (1992) and Miller does not see the criminal behavior occurring due to the inability of the lower class groups to achieve success. Instead, he explains crime in terms of the existence of a distinctive lower class subculture.He believes that this lower class group has for centuries possessed their own culture and traditions with a fundamentally different room those in the higher classes. This thus suggests that this lower class culture has been passed on not by one generation but for much longer than this. What are the Concerns of this Culture, Compared with the Higher Strata? Toughness: this involves a concern for masculinity and finds expression in courage in the face of physical threat and a rejection of timidity and weakness.In practice this can result in assault, and battery as the group attempt to maintain their ââ¬Ëreputation'. Smartness: this involves the ââ¬Ëcapacity to outfox, outwit, dupe, and take others. Groups that use these sequences, include the hustler, conman, and the cardsharp, the pimp and pickpocket and petty thief. Excitement: Involves the search for thrills', for emotional stimulus. In Practice it is sought in gambling, sexual adventures and booze, which can be obtained by a traditional night out on the town. Fate: They believe that little can be done about their lives ââ¬â what will be will beâ⬠¦Trouble: young working class males accept their lives will involve violence, and they Will not run away from fights. However , one criticism of sub cultural theory is Miller claim that the six focal encores are central of sub cultural tradition but he doesn't give enough evidence to show that this is lower class values , therefore how are we supposed to trust miller theory on sub cultural if it's not reliably. Also miller says that it applies to male's right across the class structure but doesn't give any mythological evidence.Another fundamental weakness of these theories stems from precisely this: an overemphasis on the importance of a ââ¬Ëgang response' to crimes, it places far too much attention on a group response rather than on individual responses. Notwithstanding the fact that cost Juvenile crime such as Joy-riding is conducted by ââ¬Ëgangs', these theories fail to explain why crimes such as rape and murder, which are very individualistic, occur Gender and crime According to official static there an overwhelming predominance of males compared with females on committing crimes.Given this there has to be something in the these difference . Len the paragraph I'm going to explain why there are gender differences in offending rates and to be able to explain sociological evidence for the reasons from different offending rates,. Sex-role theory argues that women are less keel to commit crime than men because there are core elements of the female role that limit their ability and opportunity to do so. There are a number of differe nt versions, all of which can fit quite comfortably together.The first form of sex role theory is solicitation, this is the process by which children and adults learn from others. We begin learning from others during the early days of life; and most people continue their social learning all through life process : according to this approach, girls are socialized to be famine, polite and innocent while boys are socialized to be masculine strong and powerful. Over all this explains the large inequality when it comes to crime suggesting it's not males fault that they commit crime its societies fault for enforcing social roles on children.According to Gender and crime theory male colonization is the main factor of crime. The second form of sex role theory is Normalization this is the idea that males are opportunist because they have m However, the gender and crime theory is criticized because Frances hedonism say that criminology has tended to be dominated by males, in the main they have been studied by men and the studies have been about men. This may be an explanation of the big difference between males and females in crime .Frances hedonism has suggested 3 reasons for this and the first one is the most obvious and it's that male dominance of offenders this has an impact because many sociologist are more likely going to study them rather than the minority of female offenders . The second explanation for lack of information on female crime is male domination in sociology and this suggest that the majority of academics have been male this suggest investigations have been a reflection of males view points and intersect.And the last reason hedonism put forward was sociological theorizing this is the idea that male sociologist constructed there theories and not thinking how It could be applied to females, this is because most traditional theories are gender blind in affect that means they ignore the specific viewpoint of women. To conclude the objectives of this essay was to argue if one social group involved in crime more than other social groups?Make a clear distinction between what other factors cause crime, to analysis the arguments for and against whether poverty is a justification of crime and to draw a conclusion to weather poverty is the mother of crime. I believe that in my argument I was able to reach all my objectifies . The original purpose of this study is to examine the different perspective on crime and come to a sensible conclusion on whether it was Justified for people under the bread line to commit crimes and to come to a conclusions if it is fair for them to go prison if being court..By looking at the evidence and argument, I must conclude that poverty is a key factor when approaching the theory of crime, the reason why I say this is cause both Marxist and the sub cultural theories both agree one the fact the poverty and crime have and ongoing relationship, but they also bring in key evidence to back .But according to the info rmation I got from my AY sociology book middle class individual It would have been unwise from the outset to assume that I would have come to an absolute Answer to my research question due to the wide range of factors that have been researched. The project has allowed me to explore to a great depth a topic not only of great interest to me, But one that will bear great important during my future as a social psychologist.
Thursday, January 2, 2020
Gun Control And The American War I - 1111 Words
Guns, they have been with America since the very beginning. There has been a rifle associated with every American conflict. The American long rifle gave us the cutting edge we needed to outgun the British. The Spencer Repeating Rifle helped the Union free the slaves. The Colt Single-Action Army tamed the ââ¬Å"Wild West.â⬠The M1-903 Springfield carried us through World War I, and the M1-Garand did it through World War II. The M-16 allowed us to keep our boys alive in Vietnam. Then, the AR-15 is what keeps our soldiers alive today in current battlefields. What is the point to be made here? It is that American culture is gun culture. Almost every major revolution in modern warfare has been created in America. America leads every other country when it comes to arms dealing; it is a major part of our economy. The American gun industry contains the biggest juggernauts in the industry. These companies include Barrett Firearms Manufacturing, Browning Firearms Company, Bushmaster Firearms International, and Coltââ¬â¢s Manufacturing Company. These are only some of the names that keep America at the forefront of weapons technology. This has kept America on the winning side of most of our wars and has saved many lives off-shore, and at home. However, due to recent events that have been happening in the United States, there has been a lot of controversy about gun control. There are many lobbying for and against gun control. The major argument by one side is that ââ¬Å"by restricting gunShow MoreRelatedGun Control And The Ethics Of Gun Control1306 Words à |à 6 Pagesmass shooting immediately leads to the discussion of a longley debated issue, which has divided Americans for many years: gun control. About thirty thousand Americans die each year as a result of firearms (Doeden 7). People begin to question whether it is morally right for civilians to own guns, and if so, what types of restrictions should be placed on guns. This year, the deadliest mass shooting in American history occurred, leaving fifty-eight innocent people dead and over five hundred more injuredRead MoreGuns : The Root Of All Violence?1678 Words à |à 7 PagesGUNS: THE ROOT OF ALL VIOLENCE? The United States has fought many wars in its history and continues to fight at home. Although there has not been an actual war in our mainland since the American Civil War of 1861, our longest war has been within our communities and laws, an enduring war against guns and its violence. The noise of gunshots may sound different in a military warzone between nations, radical groups or in a civil war; however, a similar outcome subsists, the loss of lives caused by manRead MoreStop The Legal Ownership Of Guns893 Words à |à 4 PagesAmericans are faced with the huge problem of violence in the streets, these streets have become a place where old people are beaten for their social security checks, where little women are attacked, where teen aged thugs shoot it out for some turf to sell their illegal drugs, and finally where small children are everyday caught in the way of bullets during drive by shootings. We try to ignore the criminals in our society and how they hurt it, but we should not; we should take actions to stop theRead MoreStop The Legal Ownership Of Guns1000 Words à |à 4 Pages Americans face a huge problem with violence in the streets. These streets have become a place where older people are beaten for their social security checks, women are attacked and raped, teenagers are willing to kill others just so they can sell illegal drugs, and where small children everyday are caught in the path of bullets during drive by shootings. We try our best to ignore all of the criminals in our society and how they hurt it, but we shouldnââ¬â¢t. We pretend that the things that happen inRead MoreThe Violation Of The Word Militia Essay1528 Words à |à 7 Pagesbehind many measures in gun control, says the embarrassing second amendment empowers people to want to own guns to protect themselves. Some of the American historians believe that the use of the word militia is not meant for a specific group of people like the military, but rather it is meant for the American people as a whole. The Second Amendment, like all of the other amendments, must be read along with the co nstitution (The Embarrassing Second Amendment p. 1). Gun rights activists really likeRead MoreA Stop Action : Reduce Mass Violence1309 Words à |à 6 PagesA Call to Action: Reduce mass violence While researching texts written about the gun control and how to reduce mass violence, I found a few authors who published books about the gun control in America. These authors often placed the gun control they were studying into an historical context by discussing the important events in murders cases of the past years. Gun control has recently created a massive uproar throughout the United States because of the recent, and sincerely unfortunateRead MoreGun Control Essay1485 Words à |à 6 Pages Gun control is a heated topic for Americans everywhere, but it is one that needs to be settled and agreed upon. Gun control has been around since after the Civil War. It was first used to keep former black slaves from having the right to own guns. (The reason for this is because some white people were afraid there could be a rebellion from blacks who were still angry about being enslaved and their rights being taken away.) a little long and wordy Today, gun control is a very sensitive topic forRead More Comparison of Lao-tzu and Machiavelli Essay729 Words à |à 3 PagesChing, and not as chaotic as Machiavelli illustrated in Prince. Perhaps Lao-tzu and Machivelliââ¬â¢s political system will not work for todayââ¬â¢s world, but some of their philosophies are still exist in some of modern issues. One of those issues is gun control, which has become a dividing line in America. Lao-tzu advised in Tao-te Ching ââ¬Å"weapon are the tools of violence; all decent man detest them. Weapon are the tools of fear; a decent man will avoid them except in the direst necessity and, if compelledRead MoreGun Control Of The United States1166 Words à |à 5 PagesSince Americaââ¬â¢s birth, guns have played a large part in itââ¬â¢s society. Citizens of the United States have used firearms to protect the land they love, and their families. They even use them for engaging activities such as hunting and sport. Though firearms may seem to have a commonplace in society, weighing the rights and liberties of citizens against the safety and welfare of the public has always been a delicate process. In the United States, gun contr ol is a of heated issue that has two sides.Read MoreGun Control Laws Do Not Reduce Gun Violence779 Words à |à 4 Pages Gun control laws Introduction: I believe that gun control laws will actually increase robberies, murders, and other crime. Think of it like this ok, you and your kids are sleeping in your beds. Then you hear your front door being kicked in. You see people walking around your house stealing your tvââ¬â¢s, your kids game systems, computers, and jewelry. You begin to go for the phone and call 911, but they see you and they start to run at you and your kids with a knife. Would you rather have a gun or
Wednesday, December 25, 2019
The Ultimate Solution for Great Depression Essay Topics That You Can Find Out About Today
The Ultimate Solution for Great Depression Essay Topics That You Can Find Out About Today The Secret to Great Depression Essay Topics These passages will open up the problem and enable you to get a helpful sign of the point. In every section, you will need to state a most important point, argument or proper info. As an issue of fact, the content of your essay is dependent on what you're likely to write about. Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper will help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. Facts, in the long run, will always win out against how folks are feeling at a specific moment. You have to possess a lot of additional skills to have the ability to create a highly effective paper and transmit your thoughts to others. It is impossible to create an actual friend online. Argumentative essay is about arguing and debating on a subject, which is debatable. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. R esearching the topic will enable you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you really like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Deciding on an emotional topic is also an excellent idea. Simply, you ought to endeavor to make them interested in furthering their discussion independently even as soon as they are finished with the reading the writing. If you're in a college and need to compose an argumentative essay, you should decide on a subject of high importance. It is vital to choose a great topic as a way to compose a good paper. The key to opt for a fantastic topic for an argumentative essay is to select a subject where there's a lot of debates on topics or stances. Teens should have the ability to select their bedtime. Nobody ever envisioned the extensive length of the depression. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points you can counter to your own points. If you're looking for examples of argumentative essays, here's a sample that will help you out! There are several kinds of essays, and every one of them is challenging in a different way. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready- made essays and use them as an example. The list is really endless. With the aid of our tips for writing and our interesting collection of topics, you're guaranteed to have a high grade! In situations when you get to select the topic for an argumentative essay, you need to be wise and locate a title that will intrigue a reader. It's possible to pick topics from assorted lists of ready themes. Some men and women live their lives depending on their religion even though others don't think you should factor that into decision making in regards to determining rules for everybody. An excessive amount of money isn't a good thing. Imagine the scenario when you've got no place to go. Excellent depression means people live on the road, peoples out of work, getting fire, and several peoples don't have anything to eat. The Do's and Don'ts of Great Depression Essay Topics By way of example, in college, you might be requested to compose a paper from the opposing viewpoint. Argumentative essays are a few of the best that you can write as a student. If so, Harvard format is the thing to do. The End of Great Depression Essay Topics When you are finished with your essay, you must not merely check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logical fallacies. If you opt to be a self-employed essay writer, you can expect the exact same. The goal of such essays isn't to demonstrate your knowledge, yet to exhibit the important thinking and analytical skills. Should you need professional help with argumentative essay topics, don't hesitate to speak to us. There are lots of aspects about a sport that may be argued in an essay. You spend a whole lot of education on writing argumentative essays. You should be able to use persuasive language.
Tuesday, December 17, 2019
Analysis Of George Washington s Farewell Address
Problem: In 1789 George Washingtonââ¬â¢s Farewell Address contained one major piece of advice to the county regarding relations with other nations: ââ¬Å"avoid entangling alliances.â⬠Those words shaped United States foreign policy for more than a century (Policy Making, American Government). Today some Americans think that Washingtonââ¬â¢s words are still wise ones, and that the United States (U.S.) should withdraw from world affairs whenever possible. In truth, however, the United States has been embroiled in world politics throughout the 20th century, and as a result, foreign policy takes up a great deal of governmentââ¬â¢s time, energy, and money. If isolationism has become outdated, what kind of foreign policy does the United States follow, if any? In the years after World War II, the United States was guided generally by containmentââ¬âthe policy of keeping communism from spreading beyond the countries already under its influence. The policy applied to a wor ld divided by the Cold War, a struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union. Recent events such as ongoing civil unrest in Syria, the 11 Sept 2011 Benghazi attack on our U.S. consulate, as well as the ongoing annexation in the Ukraine, are indicators the U.S. is deficient in its Foreign Policy initiatives. Accordingly, I will articulate the stated problem by determining, (a) causes of the problem, (b) providing alternate solutions, (c) selecting the best alternative and finally, how I, as the President of the United States,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Washington s Farewell Address954 Words à |à 4 PagesThe document, George Washington, Farewell Address, was a letter written to the citizens of the United States of America. It allowed outgoing President Washington to give advice on how to maintain the nation after he was gone. He advised our politicians to act in good faith towards all nations and to make an effort to keep peace with other countries. He cautioned to remain connected to God, maintain high moral principles and to set a good example, one that is guided by a sense of justice and kindnessRead MoreGeorge Washington s Farewell Address Essay1258 Words à |à 6 PagesChase Williams US History to 1865 Dr. Lisa Crutchfield October 14, 2015 George Washington s Farewell Address, Primary Source Analysis George Washingtonââ¬â¢s Presidential Farewell Address consisted of three critical elements that were considered vital for the functional survival of the country that had just won its independence. On September 19, 1796, President Washington advised the nation to stand together as one united country, warned the people about the dangers of political parties and heRead MoreWashington s Farewell Address Analysis1375 Words à |à 6 Pages Washingtonââ¬â¢s Farewell Address Analysis Jennifer Trammell GOVT 200 ââ¬â C04 Instructor Barber Opening statement Washingtonââ¬â¢s Farewell Address The major document we will be analyzing in this paper is George Washingtonââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Farewell Addressâ⬠. This was a very important document of its time and in order to analyze it fully it would be helpful to know a little more insight on the writing of and the reason it was written. Who is George Washington? George Washington was born in 1732, he grew upRead MoreAnalysis Of Washington s Farewell Address1656 Words à |à 7 PagesAn Analysis of Washingtonââ¬â¢s Farewell Address in the Face of the Modern Era George Washingtonââ¬â¢s farewell address, published just prior to his retirement from the presidency in the fall of 1796, has long been esteemed as one of the most crucial documents for the original establishment of American policy in many areas. From setting a precedent for American neutrality during international wars to promoting the stewardship of public credit, Washingtonââ¬â¢s address has had a great influence on the paths thatRead MoreGeorge Washington s Farewell Address Essay1884 Words à |à 8 Pages1796 that George Washington gave his ââ¬Å"Farewell Address.â⬠This profoundly important message is still read each year in the Senate. On September 19, 1796, US President George Washington published his Farewell Address to the nation of citizens. It was a thoroughly thoughtful analysis of our new nation, its needs for the future and his plans to decline to seek a third term as president. It was not delivered as a speech, but rather published in many newspapers and p ublic venues. George Washington announcedRead MoreEvaluating Historical Views of Leadership Essay1194 Words à |à 5 Pageshigh ground is the most important weapon in breaking the will of the enemy (Stallard, 2013). Sun Tzu (1994) in his work, The Art of War, began his discussion with the value of the moral law (as cited in Stallard, 2013). George Washington (1796) stated in his farewell address as President that religion and morality are indispensable in supporting patriotism (as cited in Stallard, 2013). The guiding principle of military leadership is the respect for human dignity (Mann, 2000). Military leadershipRead MoreSummary Of Founding Brothers : The Revolutionary Generation By Joseph J. Ellis1377 Words à |à 6 Pagesnot just legendary figures destined for success. Ellis describes the many ongoing motives for the Hamilton-Burr duel, the political ideas and compromises on handling the new nationââ¬â¢s economy, the controversy on the issue of slavery, George Washingtonââ¬â¢s Far ewell Address and his legacy, the collaboration between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, their political rivalry, and finally their reconciled friendship. The most famous duel in the history of the United States is highlighted and explored in theRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Ronald Reagan s Farewell Address Essay1767 Words à |à 8 PagesFarewells and Fair-Warnings A Rhetorical Analysis of Ronald Reaganââ¬â¢s Farewell Address Introduction to Analysis On January 11, 1989, President Ronald Reagan sat at his desk in the Oval Office to address his nation for the final time. This rhetorical moment was not the first of its kind. Rather, the Farewell Address is a Presidential tradition, started by George Washington, that every president takes part in before leaving office. As a sort of ââ¬Å"goodbyeâ⬠to the nation, the President discusses the accomplishmentsRead MoreReligion and its Effect on Society and Individuals Essay1603 Words à |à 7 Pagesand what relies on faith alone? There have been multiple attempts to intertwine the teachings of religion and science so that both could peacefully co-exist. The first scholar of science-and-religion, Ian Barbour, tried to relate the two in an analysis that came about in 1988 where he stated that there are four ways in which the two relate (Giberson, 2011). His studies, however, were greatly criticized by many others. Each attempt has failed as many have seen that the divide between the two isRead MoreAmerican Revolution and Study Guide Essay example5377 Words à |à 22 PagesWilliams George Whitefield Lord Baltimore William Bradford John Peter Zenger Virtual representation Walter Raleigh John Winthrop Paxton boys James Oglethorpe Puritans Triangular trade First Continental Congress John Smith Separatists Molasses Act Sugar Act Francis Drake Pilgrims Scots-Irish Quartering Act William Penn Predestination Louis XIV Boston Massacre Henry VIII Salutary neglect George Washington Stamp Act
Monday, December 9, 2019
Formal Analysis Director of Sacrifice free essay sample
Period of the domination of Shamshi-Adad. From the Royal Palace at Mari. Purpose: to decorate the palatial walls. 4. What did the work originally looked like? The original mural depicted most probably more registers with processional fgures and ornamental designs 5. What is the size? 16x423crn. 6. If there is a figure, what is its gaze as it relates to the gaze of the artist or viewer? All figures are orientated to the left, probably heading towards the sacrificial area 7. What is the medium? tempera on a coating of plaster 8. Where is it located? Today is in the Louvre Museum 9. What techniques did the artist use? Probably a combination of fresco and secco 10. What is the line, colour, texture, light, space and form (formal elements, see clarifications bellow)? Positive space the scene, negative space white coloured, contour lines, mass, volume, weight, Wide lines crudely executed intend to be descriptive. Hues: white, black and red brown are the only colours being used for this composition. We will write a custom essay sample on Formal Analysis: Director of Sacrifice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A primary combined with white and black. Also brown for the bull. The local colours are indicate a degree of exaggeration or idealization. The warm colour red is dominant. No cool colours. One would argue that this is a nearly monochromatic representation almost or one with a highly limited palette. Simulated texture, no lighting and this makes the representation unrealistic. The figures stand on a ground line. Overlapping shows an attempt for 3D. not successful. Normal point of view. No foreshortening but hierarchical proportions 1 . Are there any connections with earlier art history or history in general? When it comes to the mural art, it has a long tradition in the area of the Near East. any symbolism? Not based on this representation (personal opinion). 13. What is the artists philosophy? The palace as a centre of political power is connected to the religious beliefs of the Near Eastern society. 14. Does the piece appear as it was originally constructed? There is distinct evidence of destruction. The mural is partially preserved. 15. Where is the main subject in relation to the foreground, background and middle ground? The preserved scene is divided into 2 registers with male fgures walking to the left. The leader is bigger in size, almost 3 times due to the hierarchical proportions. The dividing line of the registers is at the same time the ground line where the male fgures march. 16. What style does it represent (naturalistic, realistic, stylized etc. )? Naturalistic: representational themes inspired by nature Stylized: use of similar formal values for the representation of the figures, e. g. red coloured male bodies, head and legs in profile, almond shaped eye and torso in frontal view. Linear: strong but flowing outlines and linear arrangement of the composition. B. Specific questions 8. 1 Painting 1 . If it is a still life, what does the artist focus on, technique, composition? It is a narrative scene, that means a representational scene that narrates an event, and specifically a cultural custom that probably used to take place on a regular basis. . In a landscape, is there any human interaction with the land? Whose view of the natural world might the artist have represented? The background is neutral. We have no direct indication of the setting. One might assume that the scene is located in or close to the palace area of Mari. 3. Does the picture convey depth, that is, recession in space? What kind of a perspective does it repres ent? The representation is 2D. 4. If its a portrait does it portray an individual or a social type? What aspect of the sitters personality is expressed? It portrays social groups of the southern Mesopotamian culture and specifically the palace of Mari that participate in a ceremonial event, a public animal sacrifice Stage Two: Putting the answers together in order to write an essay. Only the answers rom the notes are 437 words. After combining the information and organizing it into full sentences and paragraphs the size of the essay has reached 558 words. Director of the Sacrifice, 16 x 423 cm, today in the Louvre Museum was found at the palace of Mari, which is located in northern Syria. This mural represents the Near Eastern civilization and specifically a city-state of the southern Mesopotamian. It is originates from the palatial decoration of the main reception room. The technique is tempera on a coating of plaster and the mural was probably painted by combining both the fresco and secco technique. The positive space portrays social groups of the Near Eastern society that participate in a ceremonial event, namely a public animal sacrifice. One bearded male, possibly a high official is bringing together with the rest male fgures that are orientated to the left, the brown coloured bull to the sacrificial area. The negative space is white painted. The wide, flowing lines intend to be descriptive. The original mural must have depicted more registers with processional fgures and ornamental friezes according to the iconography of the Near Eastern tradition. A primary hue, red (or red-brown), has been combined with white and black surfaces. The colours are local with a degree of exaggeration or idealization. The warm colour red-brown has a dominant role in the composition. One could argue that this is a nearly monochromatic representation or a scene with a very limited palette. The complete absence of light gives to the representation an unrealistic appearance. Although the overlapping, especially, in the area of the hand of the group leader/ director and the bulls head over the bearded man, shows an attempt to represent depth, the composition is clearly two dimensional and has been captured from a normal point of view as seen from a standing viewer. The composition is partially preserved and has been divided into two registers with respective groups of male figures walking leftwards. Their director, whose lower body part and right arm is visible, is almost 3 times bigger in size, a differentiation that indicates the use of hierarchical proportions. The dividing line between the registers serves at the same time as the ground line on which the upper male figures stride. This scene is naturalistic but that at the same time the representational subjects are rendered in a stylized manner. We can safely reach this conclusion due to the fact hat the artist had made use of similar formal values for the representation of the figures, e. . red coloured male bodies, head and legs in profile, almond shaped eye and torso in frontal view. Nevertheless the scene has also an evident linear character with the frequent use of wide but intentionally crudely executed outlines and the linear arrangement of the composition. The mural art has a long tradition in the area of the Near East. However, the preserved examples are limited compared to other civilizations, e. g. Egypt. The Dir ector of the Sacrifice mural has clearly a narrative subject portraying a seasonal ultural festival or ceremony.
Sunday, December 1, 2019
The Grapes Of Wrath Essays (1793 words) - Dust Bowl, U.S. Route 66
The Grapes Of Wrath David Rosen English 3H, Period 2 Mrs. Carmody September 26, 2000 The Inter-Chapters and Symbolism in The Grapes of Wrath Authors often use many different writing styles and techniques when creating their novels. They use these certain methods in order to make their stories more descriptive and easier to understand. John Steinbeck uses many literary techniques in The Grapes of Wrath to help the reader better understand the story. For instance, by writing the inter-chapters, Steinbeck often foreshadows the regular chapters and the events that will occur in them. Another literary tool used very well by Steinbeck is his use of symbolism throughout the entire novel. He is able to produce a great deal of symbols which can provide for a clearer understanding of the novel through things such as animals, machines, and nature. In The Grapes of Wrath, many different literary techniques are used to further describe and bring to life the novel, but the two that Steinbeck uses the most are the inter-chapters and symbolism. The inter-chapters are a purely unique creation by John Steinbeck. Because of the extent of description that he writes with, these chapters fit very well into the novel. Clearly, the authors goal is to have the reader picture the harsh situations that the Joads and other families have to go through. By thoroughly describing each setting, this creates a more vivid image for the reader. Also, these inter-chapters contain a more of a general picture as to what is going on during the time period of the Joads journey. While the regular chapters are written to tell the specific story of the Joad family and document their journey to California, the inter-chapters, usually, correspond with the story line of the novel. The inter-chapters, eventually, become very intriguing as the story progresses. After awhile, as the story progresses, the two different types of chapters gives the story a rhythmical pattern. The inter-chapters are a key part in The Grapes of Wrath because they provide indirec t comments and show general situations which foreshadow the personal tragedies of the main characters. These comments and situations help give the reader an understanding of what the characters are facing through their journey by either showing metaphorically their triumphs and struggles or explaining the history of the period that they are living in. Chapter three is an inter-chapter. In this chapter, Steinbeck describes a concrete highway (p. 20) that a land turtle struggles to cross. The turtle has almost reached his destination when a truck hits it. This chips its shell, and it is thrown on its back. The turtle then has to struggle with all of its might to turn back over. Eventually the turtle flips back over and continues on its journey. This chapter represents the continuous struggles and obstacles that the Joads would have to cope with throughout the entire story. Throughout the novel the Joads meet many hardships. They are forced to leave their home, lose family members such as the grandparents and Noah, work for low wages, and suffer from hunger, floods, and cruel prejudices in California. Like the turtle, the Joads refuse to give up and continue on with their journey. Chapter five is another inter-chapter that discusses the tractors that would come to the land and plow through it. It destroys everything in its path. This chapter is an abstract conflict between the tenant farmer and the banks. The banks want to take over the land to make more money, but it is very difficult for the farmers to leave because the land has been settled by their grandfathers. One tenant farmers is so upset that he threatens to shoot the driver by saying (hed) be in the window with a rifle (p. 51). Another chapter describes a tenant farmer that has to leave and is cheated into paying too much for a car. Chapter nine describes the generalized families who must sell their sentimental goods at absurdly low prices. These chapters represent the situations which the Joads encount er very soon. The Joads must leave their land and sell all of their things. Later in the novel, Grandpa threatens to kill the tractor driver who was plowing their land just like the tenant farmer who
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